HTML Formatting
You must be familiar with the ability to make text bold,
italicized, or underlined; these are just three of the ten options available to
indicate how text can appear in HTML.
Bold Text
Anything that appears within <b>...</b> element,
is displayed in bold as shown below −
Example
<html>
<head>
<title>Bold Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses a <b>bold</b> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
Italic Text
Anything that appears within <i>...</i> element
is displayed in italicized as shown below
Example
<html>
<head>
<title>Italic Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses an <i>italicized</i> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
Underlined Text
Anything that appears within <u>...</u> element,
is displayed with underline as shown below −
Example
<html>
<head>
<title>Underlined Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses an <u>underlined</u> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
Strike Text
Anything that appears within <strike>...</strike> element
is displayed with strikethrough, which is a thin line through the text as shown
below −
Example
<html>
<head>
<title>Strike Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses a <strike>strikethrough</strike> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
Monospaced Font
The content of a <tt>...</tt> element
is written in monospaced font. Most of the fonts are known as variable-width
fonts because different letters are of different widths (for example, the
letter 'm' is wider than the letter 'i'). In a monospaced font, however, each
letter has the same width.
Example
<html>
<head>
<title>Monospaced Font Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses a <tt>monospaced</tt> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
Superscript Text
The content of a <sup>...</sup> element
is written in superscript; the font size used is the same size as the
characters surrounding it but is displayed half a character's height above the
other characters.
Example
<html>
<head>
<title>Superscript Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses a <sup>superscript</sup> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
Subscript Text
The content of a <sub>...</sub> element
is written in subscript; the font size used is the same as the characters
surrounding it, but is displayed half a character's height beneath the other
characters.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Subscript Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses a <sub>subscript</sub> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
Inserted Text
Anything that appears within <ins>...</ins> element
is displayed as inserted text.
Example
<html>
<head>
<title>Inserted Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>I want to drink <del>cola</del> <ins>wine</ins></p>
</body>
</html>
Deleted Text
Anything that appears within <del>...</del> element,
is displayed as deleted text.
Example
<html>
<head>
<title>Deleted Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>I want to drink <del>cola</del> <ins>wine</ins></p>
</body>
</html>
Larger Text
The content of the <big>...</big> element
is displayed one font size larger than the rest of the text surrounding it as
shown below −
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Larger Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses a <big>big</big> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
Smaller Text
The content of the <small>...</small> element
is displayed one font size smaller than the rest of the text surrounding it as
shown below −
Example
<html>
<head>
<title>Smaller Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses a <small>small</small> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
Grouping Content
The <div> and <span> elements
allow you to group together several elements to create sections or subsections
of a page.
For example, you might want to put all of the footnotes on a page
within a <div> element to indicate that all of the elements within that
<div> element relate to the footnotes. You might then attach a style to
this <div> element so that they appear using a special set of style
rules.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Div Tag Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id = "menu" align = "middle" >
<a href = "/index.htm">HOME</a> |
<a href = "/about/contact_us.htm">CONTACT</a> |
<a href = "/about/index.htm">ABOUT</a>
</div>
<div id = "content" align = "left" bgcolor = "white">
<h5>Content Articles</h5>
<p>Actual content goes here.....</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
The <span> element, on the other hand, can be used to group
inline elements only. So, if you have a part of a sentence or paragraph which
you want to group together, you could use the <span> element as follows.
Example
<html>
<head>
<title>Span Tag Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>This is the example of <span style = "color:green">span tag</span>
and the <span style = "color:red">div tag</span> alongwith CSS</p>
</body>
</html>
